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Friday, June 29, 2012

NEXT HUMAN HABITATION: CAVES AND THE UNDERGROUND

 

 

NEXT HUMAN HABITATION: CAVES AND THE UNDERGROUND

Caves and tunnels have always been part of human life. We've grown more adept at shaping these underground shelters and passages over the millennia, and today we dig for hundreds of reasons. We excavate to find both literal and cultural treasures, digging mines and unearthing archaeological discoveries. We use caverns for stable storage, for entertainment, and for an effective shelter from natural and man-made disasters. And as the planet's surface becomes ever more crowded, and national borders are closed, tunnels provide pathways for our vehicles and for smugglers of every kind. Collected below are more recent subterranean scenes from around the world.

 

Tourists on a banca explore the Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park at Kabayugan town, Puerto Princesa, Palawan, western Philippines, on February 13, 2011. The 8.2km (5 miles) long Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park was included in the UNESCO List of World Heritage Sites on December 4, 1999 for its ecological universal value and features a limestone formation that contains an underground river that is reputed to be the longest navigable underground river in the world. (Reuters/Romeo Ranoco)

 

 

Tourists visit the Kuha Karuhas pavilion located inside the Phraya Nakhon cave, in the Khao Sam Roi Yot national park, some 300 km south of Bangkok, Thailand, on December 5, 2010. The pavillon was built in 1890 on the occasion of a visit to the cave by King Chulalongkorn, the grand-father of current King Bhumibol Adulyadej. (Christophe Archambault/AFP/Getty Images)

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Beside the Pinacanauan river in the town of Penablanca Cagayan, the Callao Caves hid a most unexpected wonder. We walked through this grand cave entrance expecting total darkness ,but instead found a quaint little chapel inside completely bathed by natural light. The multi-chambered caverns have natural overhead crevices that allowed the brightness of day into its dark recesses. Our cameras are going to be useful after all.
It felt cold and damp inside, and was pretty dark in several places. The ground was often muddy and sticky, like walking on freshly-dropped poop. There was this stench that suggested large numbers of bats were hanging from above. (A good reason not to open your mouth in awe while admiring the crevices above!)
At the end of the visit, some of us sat down to say a prayer of thanks. There wasn't enough time to explore all the chambers, so I surmised they also prayed that fate bring them back one day.

 

The sandstone in the region of Petra, Jordan has given rise to unique rock formations, rising from the desert, forming deep canyons and fissures. Tourists from all around the world flock to the ancient city of Petra, built during the fifth and sixth centuries BC, Petra is the ruined capital of the Nabatean Arabs. Its immense facades were lost for almost 1000 years until they were rediscovered by the Swiss traveller Johan Ludwig Burckhardt in 1812. The ancient city was recently named one of the New Seven Wonders of the Worldand luxury tourism is booming in the region. Over the past year, Petra has stayed in the news, hosting the First Lady, Laura Bush, French president, Nicolas Sarkozy, and his new wife, Carla Bruni, and even a memorial concert in honor of the late Italian tenor, Luciano Pavarotti.

Captured Blog: Petra

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A member of the Jordanian Tribal Police stands guard at the entrance to the Khazneh, or Treasury, in Petra, Jordan, in this picture taken, Monday, June 26, 2006. This site was selected as one of the new seven wonders of the world in a global poll announced Saturday, July 7, 2007. People throughout the world voted by Internet or phone message for the world's top architectural marvels, said New7Wonders, the nonprofit group conducting the balloting. (AP Photo/Kevin Frayer)


Captured Blog: Petra

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** ARCHIV ** Das Kloster Al Deir in Petra, Jordanien, aufgenommen am 20. August 2006. Fuer Individualreisende ist Jordanien ein ideales Einstiegsland in die arabische Welt. Und archaeologisch Interessierte kommen ueberall im Lande voll auf ihre Kosten. (AP Photo/Annedore Smith) ** zu unserem Korr APD3756 ** --- The cloister Al Deir at the archaeological site Petra, Jordan, pictured Aug. 20, 2006. (AP Photo/Annedore Smith) #


Captured Blog: Petra

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** ARCHIV ** Die Felsengraeber von Petra, Jordanien, aufgenommen am 20. August 2006. Fuer Individualreisende ist Jordanien ein ideales Einstiegsland in die arabische Welt. Und archaeologisch Interessierte kommen ueberall im Lande voll auf ihre Kosten. (AP Photo/Annedore Smith) ** zu unserem Korr APD3756 * #Captured Blog: Petra

 

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The site of the Treasury, in Petra, Jordan, Friday, July 6, 2007, the monument that is carved out of solid rock from the side of a mountain. Jordan's Petra has been named one of the new seven wonders of the world at a ceremony in Lisbon, Portugal, Saturday, July 7, 2007. (AP Photo/Nader Daoud) #


Captured Blog: Petra

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The Khazneh, or Treasury, is seen in Petra, Jordan, in this photo taken,Tuesday, June 27, 2006. This site was selected as one of the new seven wonders of the world in a global poll announced Saturday, July 7, 2007. People throughout the world voted by Internet or phone message for the world's top architectural marvels, said New7Wonders, the nonprofit group conducting the balloting. (AP Photo/Kevin Frayer) #

Captured Blog: Petra

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PETRA, JORDAN - OCTOBER 12: An ancient temple cut into the sandstone is lit up by candles in Petra on October 12, 2008 in Petra, Jordan. The sandstone in the region has given rise to unique rock formations, rising from the desert, forming deep canyons and fissures. Tourists from all around the world flock to the ancient city of Petra, built during the fifth and sixth centuries BC, Petra is the ruined capital of the Nabatean Arabs. Its immense façades were lost for almost 1000 years until they were rediscovered by the Swiss traveller Johan Ludwig Burckhardt in 1812. Luxury tourism in the region is booming and set to continue with rumours of budget carriers such as Easyjet set to make nearby Aqaba a future destination. (Photo by Chris Jackson/Getty Images) #

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A visitor stands in the Erstfeld-Amsteg section of the NEAT Gotthard Base Tunnel October 5, 2010. With a length of 57 km (35 miles) crossing the Alps, the world's longest train tunnel should become operational at the end of 2017. (Reuters/Arnd Wiegmann) #

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Participants of the first underground bicycle race compete during the "Mole Race" in a mine under Budapest, Hungary, on Sunday, Feb. 6, 2011. Hundreds participated at the race, pedaling on the 1200 meter (0.75 miles) long track. The more than 30 km (18.6 miles) long mine system were used during centuries to extract stone to build the Hungarian capital. (AP Photo/Bela Szandelszky) #

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A visitor walks down the natural entrance at Carlsbad Caverns National Park near Carlsbad, New Mexico, on Dec. 18, 2010. More than 400,000 people visit Carlsbad Caverns each year to get a glimpse of the monumental stalagmites and stalactites, delicate soda straws, translucent draperies and reflective pools that decorate the park's main attraction, the Big Room. (AP Photo/Susan Montoya Bryan) #

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Hundreds of cave formations decorate the Big Room at Carlsbad Caverns National Park near Carlsbad, New Mexico, seen on Dec. 18, 2010. Adventurous visitors can opt for several "off-trail" tours guided by park rangers through narrow passage ways, across slick flow stone and down ropes and ladders. (AP Photo/Susan Montoya Bryan) #

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Puhung Subway station, situated more than 100M below the surface, viewed on April 2, 2011 in Pyongyang, North Korea. Puhung Station also serves as an atomic fallout shelter. (Feng Li/Getty Images) #

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Israeli Antiquity Authority archeologist Annete Nagar shows the 2,000-year-old Second Temple period drainage tunnel under Jerusalem's Old City at the west side of the Jewish Wailing Wall on January 25, 2011. Israeli archaeologists have finished work, which started in 2004, on the tunnel that starts at a site near the flashpoint Al-Aqsa mosque compound inside the walls of Jerusalem's Old City, officials said. (Menahem Kahana/AFP/Getty Images) #

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Hospital beds are placed in a parking lot set up for the media as an underground emergency hospital, at Rambam Hospital in the northern Israeli city of Haifa May 31, 2011. The lot, equipped with unique filters and air-conditioning systems for protection from biological and chemical warfare, can accommodate 2,000 beds and will be inaugurated in August 2012. According to the hospital's spokesperson, it will be the world's largest underground emergency hospital. (Reuters/Nir Elias) #

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Pakistani soldiers examine the wreckage of a twin truck bombing inside a tunnel in Kohat on January 29, 2011. The attacks took place late night on January 28 in and outside the tunnel which connects the main city of Peshawar in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province to the city of Kohat. (A. Majeed/AFP/Getty Images) #

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Employees pose in a cavern with test drills in a pilot mine which is being tested for potential use as a permanent nuclear waste storage facility, at the salt dome near the northern German village of Gorleben, on July 2, 2010. The mine is some 840 meters deep and 6.5 kilometer long. (Reuters/Christian Charisius) #

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France's President Nicolas Sarkozy and his wife Carla Bruni-Sarkozy look at cave paintings as they visit the Lascaux caves for the 70th anniversary of their discovery in Montignac, South-Western France, on September 12, 2010. (Reuters/Philippe Wojazer) #

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Egyptian boys show off rabbits given to them by a Palestinian man (unseen) in an underground tunnel linking the southern Gaza Strip to Egypt on November 21, 2010, as Egyptians and Palestinians transform the network of tunnels that once served as a lifeline for Gaza into its sole export channel. (Said Khatib/AFP/Getty Images) #

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Cavers from the Lebanese Association of Speliologic Studies (ALES) descend the path leading to a cave as they go underground to celebrate Christmas with their children and comrades inside a cave in the village of Rweiss nearly at 2,000 meters above sea level in the Lebanese mountains north of Beirut, on December 26, 2010. (Joseph Eid/AFP/Getty Images) #

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Cavers from the Lebanese Association of Speliologic Studies (ALES) light candles as they celebrate Christmas with their children and comrades inside a cave in the village of Rweiss, on December 26, 2010. (Joseph Eid/AFP/Getty Images) #

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A driver operates a metro car running through the newly-opened subway line in Beijing on December 30, 2010. Beijing opened five new subway lines to reach the total length of tracks in the city's subway rail at 336 kilometers, which aims at boosting the business growth and social development in the Chinese capital. (Liu Jin/AFP/Getty Images) #

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Men stand next to the glowing embers of an underground coal fire in the village of Bokapahari, in the eastern Indian state of Jharkhand, where a community of coal scavengers live and work. Photo taken on Jan. 6, 2011. (AP Photo/Kevin Frayer) #

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A miner stands in front of a giant drill machine after it broke through at the final section Sedrun-Faido, at the construction site of the NEAT Gotthard Base Tunnel March 23, 2011. The project consists of two parallel single track tunnels, each of a length of 57 km (35 miles). (Reuters/Arnd Wiegmann) #

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A utility worker looks underground to examine the scene where a sinkhole caused when a broken water main collapsed part of Friendship Blvd. on December 3, 2010 in Chevy Chase, Maryland. No one was reported injured in the accident. (Logan Mock-Bunting/Getty Images) #

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U.S. Senator Chuck Grassley of Iowa chooses to walk rather than ride a Senate subway rail car from the Dirksen Senate Office Building into the Capitol April 5, 2011. (Reuters/Kevin Lamarque) #

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Pakistani miners emerge from a tunnel during a rescue operation at the coal mine in Sorange district of the insurgency-torn province of Baluchistan, on March 20, 2011. At least seven miners were killed and 41 others trapped underground when explosions triggered a collapse in a coal mine in Pakistan's Baluchistan province, officials said. (BANARAS KHAN/AFP/Getty Images) #

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Drums of rum manufactured and matured according to an old recipe stored underground at Santa Teresa establishment, in the village El Consejo del Estado de Aragua, 60km west of Caracas, on April 8, 2011. Venezuela produces more than 32 million liters of rum per year, from which 40 percent is consumed in the country and the rest exported, mainly to Spain and Italy. (Juan Barreto/AFP/Getty Images) #

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Faithful walk inside a cave called Minas de Nuestro Senor de Esquipulas, where a legend tells that the "Cristo Negro", or Black Christ appeared, in Esquipulas, Guatemala, on Friday, Jan. 14, 2011. Cristo Negro is the name of a painting of a crucified Jesus in the Basilica of Esquipulas, revered by millions of faithful in Central America. (AP Photo/Rodrigo Abd) #

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A weathered steel wheel which operates one of the original sluices in the canal system under Frankfurt, Germany, is pictured during a underground tour on August 13, 2010. The canal system needs to be checked regularly in order to be prepared for possible flooding. (Reuters/Kai Pfaffenbach) #

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An archaeologist cleans a skeleton dating from about 5,000 years ago during excavations in the deposits of Atapuerca's mountain range in Burgos, northern Spain, on June 25, 2010. The skeleton belonged to a young woman buried in the cave of El Mirador in the Bronze Age. (Reuters/Felix Ordonez) #

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Twenty-year-old Anil Basnet pushes a coal cart, as he and a fellow worker pull coal out from the rat hole tunnel 300 ft below the surface on April 13, 2011 near the village of Latyrke near Lad Rymbai, in the district of Jaintia Hills, India. The Jaintia hills, located in India's far North East state of Meghalaya, miners descend to great depths on slippery, rickety wooden ladders. Children and adults squeeze into rat hole like tunnels in thousands of privately owned and unregulated mines, extracting coal with their hands or primitive tools and no safety equipment. Workers can earn as much as 150 USD per week or 30,000 Rupees per month. (Daniel Berehulak/Getty Images) #

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A small boat quay on a lake at the bottom of Turda salt mine in Turda, Romania (450km northwest of Bucharest) on December 9, 2010. One of the most important salt mines in Transylvania, Salina Turda has been known since ancient times, but was put into operation for underground mining work during the Roman period. The salt mine was mentioned in official documents dating from the middle of the 13th century, when the mine was offered to the Transylvanian Catholic Church leaders. (Daniel Mihailescu/AFP/Getty Images) #

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An illegal miner uses a rudimentary pulley to descend into a hole dug in search of gold at a makeshift camp for miners near El Callao in Venezuela's southern Bolivar state, on July 15, 2010. Seven people died in a cave-in at the wildcat gold mine in southern Venezuela, a senior member of the local emergency services told Reuters on August 24. (Reuters/Carlos Garcia Rawlins) #

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A subway construction worker, known as a "sandhog" exits the tunnel boring machine in the northbound tunnel of the Second Avenue subway construction project, Thursday, April 7, 2011 in New York. The southbound track has been completed to 65th street and the north bound track is expected to be completed to 65th street by the end of the year. The Second Avenue subway line will run from 125th Street to the Financial District in Lower Manhattan. (AP Photo/Mary Altaffer) #

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Curator Joanne Gray puts the finishing touches to the Repeater Station in the subterranean tunnels underneath Dover Castle, which has been restored by English Heritage for a public exhibition on June 3, 2011 in Dover, England. The evacuation of allied soldiers from Dunkirk was masterminded and coordinated from the secret command and control center in the tunnels deep below the castle. (Matthew Lloyd/Getty Images) #

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A man lights a fire to look at the underground prisons that were part of the headquarters for forces loyal to Libyan leader Muammar Qaddafi in Benghazi, on March 4, 2011. (Reuters/Suhaib Salem) #

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Workers are pictured in a tunnel for the new subway station "Brandenburger Tor" near Berlin's landmark Brandenburg gate, February 13, 2007. (Reuters/Hannibal Hanschke) #

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A Mexican soldier looks into a tunnel discovered in Tijuana, on November 25, 2010. According to local media, authorities found a drug smuggler's tunnel linking the northern border city of Tijuana with the United States. The tunnel was fully operational with a system of ventilation and electricity, and rails for the transportation of narcotics. (Reuters/Jorge Duenes) #

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A rescuer rides a lift down a tunnel to reinforce the rescue operations at the Pingyu No.4 Coal mine in Yuzhou, Henan province October 16, 2010. An explosion in the Chinese coal mine had killed at least 20 miners in central Henan Province, state media reported. (Reuters/Stringer) #

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Laborers work on a highway tunnel, in Taiyuan, Shanxi province, China on July 15, 2010. The tunnel is part of the unfinished 23 km (14.3 miles) Taigu highway, that connects Taiyuan and Gujiao, local media reported. (Reuters/Stringer) #

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A Chinese man walks into a subway station early morning, in Beijing, China, on Monday Nov. 26, 2007.(AP Photo/Oded Balilty)

A student from the University of Indonesia descends into Jomblang cave at Gunungkidul district, near the ancient city of Yogyakarta, on June 20, 2012. Jomblang cave is one of the hundreds of caves in the Gunungkidul district. Jomblang is known for its fertile and dense vegetation and is located in the karst hills that run along Central Java to West Java provinces. (Reuters/Dwi Oblo)

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The upper cave of the Jeita Grotto north of Beirut, Lebanon, on November 10, 2011. Jeita Grotto is a group of caves located 20 km north of Beirut in the Valley of Nahr al-Kalb (Dog River). In these caves and galleries the action of water in the limestone has created cathedral-like vaults of stalactites and stalagmites, stone curtains and fantastic rock formations. (AP Photo/Hussein Malla) #

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A photojournalist in the Goldberg Tunnel near Goldisthal, in Thuringia, Germany, on May 14, 2012. The 1,163 meter-long tunnel will open to rail traffic in 2017. (AP Photos/Candy Welz) #

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A tourist walks through an underground tunnel archaeologists say is a 2,000-year-old drainage tunnel, leading to Jerusalem's Old City, on August 2, 2011. The excavation of the drainage tunnel beneath Jerusalem yielded new artifacts from a war here 2,000 years ago, archaeologists said. (AP Photo/Dan Balilty) #

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A man inspectas a sinkhole formed in a house on July 19, 2011 in the north of Guatemala City. When neighbors heard a loud boom overnight they thought a cooking gas canister had detonated. Instead they found a deep sinkhole inside a home. The sinkhole was 12.2 meters (40 feet) deep and 80 centimeters (32 inches) in diameter, an AFP journalist who visited the site reported. Police, members of the country's natural disaster office and water utility company officials came to visit the site. Sinkholes, formed by the natural process of erosion, can be gradual but are often sudden. Guatemala City, built on volcanic deposits, is especially prone to sinkholes, often blamed on a leaky sewer system or on heavy rain. (Johan Ordonez/AFP/Getty Images) #

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An employee walks inside the power generation unit of the 1450 MW underground riverbed power project at the Sardar Sarovar dam in Kavadia, 194 km (121 miles) south of the western Indian city of Ahmedabad, on August 29, 2011. (Reuters/Amit Dave) #

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Aviam Atar, of the Israel Nature and Parks Authority, enters a steel cavern, part of an abandoned Israeli army bunker during a media tour for Reuters near the West Bank city of Jericho, on January 23, 2012. The abandoned Israeli army bunkers along the Jordan River are providing a lifeline for bats on the endangered species list, researchers say. (Reuters/Ammar Awad) #

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The pavement of Route 61, eroded and covered in graffiti in Centralia, Pennsylvania, on May 24, 2012. Fifty years ago, a fire at the town dump spread to a network of coal mines underneath hundreds of homes and business in the northeastern Pennsylvania borough of Centralia, eventually forcing the demolition of nearly every building. The fire still burns beneath some 400 acres, and may continue to burn for another 250 years. (AP Photo/Michael Rubinkam) #

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Some of the 20 million bats emerge from Bracken Cave in Bracken, Texas, on August 31, 2011. A depleting insect population has forced millions of bats around drought-stricken Texas to emerge before nightfall for food runs, making them more susceptible to natural predators. Some experts have already noticed fewer bats emerging from caves and have seen evidence that more infant bats are showing up dead, hinting at a looming population decline. (AP Photo/Eric Gay) #

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Doyle Lawson and Quicksilver perform in the Volcano Room at Cumberland Caverns, 333 feet below ground, in McMinnville, Tennessee, on July 26, 2011. The natural amphitheater is where the Bluegrass Underground radio show is broadcast from once a month. (AP Photo/Mark Humphrey) #

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A sign welcomes visitors to a lab 4,850 feet beneath the earth on Wednesday, May 30, 2012. The Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota, will house the world's most sensitive dark-matter detector. Scientists say that the lab -- housed inside the now-shuttered Homestake Gold Mine -- could help scientists understand the origins of the universe. (AP Photo/Amber Hunt) #

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An employee of AlpTransit Gotthard Ltd and a visitor stand in the NEAT Gotthard Base tunnel near Erstfeld, on May 7, 2012. Crossing the Alps, the world's longest train tunnel should become operational at the end of 2016. The project consists of two parallel single track tunnels, each measuring 57 km (35 miles) in length. (Reuters/Arnd Wiegmann) #

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An employee of Landgut Pretschen wears a headlight as she checks the chicory production on December 13, 2011. Also called Belgian endives the plant is cultivated underground to prevent the leaves from turning green and opening up in the sunlight. (Patrick Pleul/AFP/Getty Images) #

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Women stand in front of a cave in Bram village in the Nuba Mountains, South Kordofan, April 28, 2012. Fleeing aerial bombardment by the Sudanese air force, thousands of people have abandoned their homes and made makeshift shelters between the rocks and boulders. (Reuters/Goran Tomasevic) #

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Construction workers lift a piece of the ceiling off an underground tube that the Saw Mill River flowed through in downtown Yonkers, New York, on November 1, 2011. The Saw Mill River, which was covered over in Yonkers in the 1920s, is in the midst of a "daylighting" process, being uncovered and integrated into a riverside park in the downtown of the city. (AP Photo/Seth Wenig) #

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View from inside a tunnel recently found in the northern border city of Tijuana, Mexico, on November 30, 2011. A day earlier, the tunnel was discovered by U.S. authorities in San Diego's Otay Mesa area, the latest in a spate of secret passages found to smuggle drugs from Mexico. This tunnel is a 400-yard passage linking warehouses in San Diego and Tijuana and is equipped with lighting and ventilation. (AP Photo/Alex Cossio) #

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The caves of Nerja, near the town of Nerja in Andalusia, photographed on February 14, 2012. The caverns stretch for almost 5 km, and show evidence of being inhabited by humans as far back as 25,000 BC. (Jorge Guerrero/AFP/Getty Images) #

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A municipality worker looks away from the welding glare as another repairs an underground water pipeline in Mumbai, on October 16, 2011. The water distribution system in Mumbai is over 100 years old. Water is brought in from six lakes after treatment, and stored in 23 service reservoirs. (Reuters/Danish Siddiqui) #

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A disabled man plays a bamboo flute to solicit for money in a tunnel on the Gulangyu island of Xiamen, Fujian province, China, on December 14, 2011. (Reuters/Jason Lee) #

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Miao tribal villagers welcome in the Year of the Dragon in a cave ceremony by offering their cattle in return for a good harvest in the new year, in Longli, Guizhou province, China, followed by singing, dancing and various celebrations on January 27, 2012. (STR/AFP/Getty Images) #

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A staff member of the metropolitan outer floodway management office looks around pressure-adjusting water tank, a part of a massive underground water discharge tunnel which was constructed to protect Tokyo and its suburb area against floodwaters and overflow of the city's major waterways and rivers during heavy rain and typhoon seasons, at the facility in Kasukabe, north of Tokyo, on September 28, 2011. The world largest underground discharge channel at 50 meters below ground is more than 6 km long, and can hold 670,000 tons of water at maximum, the management office said. The ceiling of the concrete water tank is supported by 59 pillars, each 7 meters long, 2 meters wide, 18 meters tall, and weighing 500 tons. (Reuters/Kim Kyung-Hoon) #

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A man stands outside a tunnel opened by unsuccessful treasure hunters near the northern Greek town of Grevena, on December 12, 2011. As years of austerity take an ever harsher toll, more and more Greeks are finding solace in tales of buried riches dating from the near-bankrupt country's turbulent recent past. Despite rife urban legends of rich findings, prospective treasure hunters usually end up in police cells. (AP Photo/Nikolas Giakoumidis) #

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Tourists walk towards the main entrance of the Niah Great Cave at Niah National Park, in the Malaysian state of Sarawak in Borneo, on March 29, 2012. Niah Caves contains the oldest remains of Homo sapiens found in Borneo, and features the world's largest limestone cave entrance as well as ancient rock paintings. Studies published recently have shown evidence of the first human activity at the Niah caves from ca. 46,000 to ca. 34,000 years ago. (Reuters/David Loh) #

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The Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) tunnel, located at the CERN particle research center near Geneva, Switzerland. (Reuters/CERN-INFS/Handout) #

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A laborer sits on a track in front of a light source as he rests between two track-laying vehicles in a subway tunnel that is under construction in Wuhan, Hubei province, on March 10, 2012. (Reuters/Stringer) #

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Speleologist Carlos Lopez looks at paintings of seals believed to be the world's oldest works of art -- approximately 42,000 years old, in the caves of Nerja, southern Spain, on February 14, 2012. These seal paintings are the only known artistic images created by Neanderthal man, according to scientists. (Jorge Guerrero/AFP/Getty Images) #

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A visitor looks into a tunnel forming part of the old Malta Railway which was closed down in 1931 in Floriana, outside Valletta, on October 23, 2011. Locals and tourists flocked to see part of the network of tunnels which were opened to the public on Sunday for the first time in a generation, according to local media. (Reuters/Darrin Zammit Lupi) #

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Tourists view the lower cave of the Jeita Grotto by boat in Jeita, north of Beirut, Lebanon, on October 4, 2011. (Reuters/ Sharif Karim) #

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Israelis participate in a speed dating event on the eve of Tu Be'Av, the Jewish holiday of love, in Zedekiah's Cave, also known as Solomon's Quarries, under Jerusalem's Old City, on August 14, 2011. Hoping the exotic setting would provide a conducive backdrop for romance, organizers brought 70 Israeli singles to the subterranean quarry for the unique speed-dating marathon to mark the 15th day of the Hebrew month of Av, the Jewish holiday of love. (AP Photo/Sebastian Scheiner) #

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A hotel staff member guides visitors inside a bomb shelter under the garden of the Metropole hotel in Hanoi, Vietnam, on May 21, 2012. The Metropole hotel opened the formerly-functional underground bomb shelter for visitors. U.S. folk singer Joan Baez and actress Jane Fonda, foreign war correspondents and foreign diplomats took shelter in it during the Christmas Bombings in 1972, as well as other bombings during the Vietnam war. (Reuters/Kham) #

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An employee of French National Radioactive Waste Management Agency ANDRA works at the digging of a tunnel 500 meters underground at the Underground Research Laboratory of the Agency in Bure, Eastern France, on June 11, 2012. Bure, about a three hour drive from the French capital, is currently home to an underground laboratory, a precursor to the waste site. France and Finland are close to approving the world's first permanent radioactive waste storage sites. (Reuters/Vincent Kessler) #

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Tourists kayak through the once high-security Beihai military water tunnels on the island of Nangan in the Matsu Island chain, off Taiwan, on October 4, 2011. The Matsu island chain, once a front line against rival China, is now pushing for a military tourist destination. (AP Photo/Wally Santana) #

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A family, displaced by the recent fighting between forces loyal to Yemen's outgoing President Ali Abdullah Saleh and tribal militants loyal to anti-regime protesters, sits in a cave in the mountainous area of Arhab, north of Sanaa, on January 8, 2012, as they wait to receive Qatari aid. (Reuters/Mohamed al-Sayaghi) #

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Workers prepare to take a load of pipes and other material on a rail car into the northbound Sound Transit light rail tunnel between Seattle's Capitol Hill neighborhood and the University of Washington, on October 12, 2011, in Seattle. The tunnel is part of a three-mile link between downtown and the University of Washington that is scheduled to open in 2016. (AP Photo/Ted S. Warren) #

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A tour guide scales a rock formation inside a chamber of the Niah Great Cave at Niah National Park in the Malaysian state of Sarawak in Borneo, on March 29, 2012. (Reuters/David Loh) #

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A cleaner, known as a fluffer, inspects the train tracks on the Victoria Line near Highbury and Islington station in London, on March 30, 2012. (Reuters/Dylan Martinez) #

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A member of the Catalan Regional Police (Mossos d'Esquadra) Underground Unit inspects a sewer in Barcelona, on May 2, 2012, two days before the European Central Bank summit. (Pedro Armestre/AFP/Getty Images) #

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A Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) driver in his cabin during the inaugural trip of the new regional two-floor train connecting Geneva and Lausanne in a tunnel near Lausanne, Switzerland, on April 26, 2012. (Reuters/Valentin Flauraud)

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